Everything about Liutbert Archbishop Of Mainz totally explained
Liutbert or
Ludbert (died 889) was the
Archbishop of Mainz from 863 until his death. He also became
Abbot of
Ellwangen in 874 and is reckoned the first
Archchancellor of Germany. He was one of the major organisers — along with
Henry of Franconia — of the vigorous and successful defence of
East Francia against
Viking attack during his last decade.
In 870, Liutbert became the archchaplain of
Louis the German until 876 and thereafter of
Louis the Younger until the latter's death in 882. Under
Charles the Fat, however, he didn't retain this position, rather it was preserved for
Liutward of Vercelli. Liutbert didn't accept his lack of position at court initially; he'd himself referred to as "archchaplain," though he was not, in an 882 document of
Weissenburg, another abbey of which he was abbot.
The
Annales Fuldenses, from about the 860s, was being written in the circle of Liutbert and after 882 until 887 (the so-called "Mainz continuation") under his supervision. Because of the demotion he'd suffered after the accession of Charles the Fat to all East Francia in 882, Liubert was a partisan opponent of the emperor's. It has even been suggested that the Mainz Annales' depiction of Liutbert and Liutward bears resemblance to the figures of
Mordecai and
Haman in the
Book of Esther. Liutbert was also an opponent of Charles' plan to make his heir his bastard son
Bernard.
In 871, the
Moravians rebelled against Frankish overlordship and the
Sorbs along the
Elbe followed suit. An army under Liutbert's command defeated them at
Waldaha (Vltava or Moldau). In 883, when Vikings sailed up the
Rhine and took a great deal of plunder, Liutbert met them with a small force and retrieved their booty. He also rebuilt
Cologne, which they'd damaged. In late 884, the Vikings attacked
West Francia and wintered in
Hesbaye. Early in 885, in a campaign organised by Charles the Fat, Liutbert and Henry of Franconia surprised the Vikings and set them to flight.
Early in 887, Charles the Fat was forced to dismiss his chaplain and chancellor Liutward and replace him with Liutbert at the behest of the
Alemannians. After regaining his high post, Liutbert's attitude toward the emperor significantly improved and he was able to draw more imperial largesse to
Franconia.
Sources
- The Annals of Fulda
. (Manchester Medieval series, Ninth-Century Histories, Volume II.) Reuter, Timothy (trans.) Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1992.
- Reuter, Timothy. Germany in the Early Middle Ages 800–1056. New York: Longman, 1991.
- MacLean, Simon. Kingship and Politics in the Late Ninth Century: Charles the Fat and the end of the Carolingian Empire. Cambridge University Press: 2003.
- Thompson, James Westfall. Feudal Germany, Volume II. New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing Co., 1928.
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